The Sampur Solar Projects (AKA: Coal Power Plant) and Tamil Communities: Land, Identity, and India’s Development Agenda in Sri Lanka’s Eastern Province Introduction The evolution of the Sampur Power Plant project-transitioning from an Indian-backed coal venture to a solar initiative-serves as a powerful lens to examine the intersection of energy policy, post-war development, geopolitics, and minority rights in Sri Lanka’s Eastern Province. This report offers a comprehensive and contextualized analysis of the historical background, strategic and economic motivations, key Sri Lanka-India agreements, and, critically, the responses of local Tamil communities who have long perceived such megaprojects as new avenues of displacement and ethnic marginalization under the banners of progress and security. Through in-depth exploration of displacement accounts, legal and social mobilization, the discovery of human remains and suspected mass graves, and present project developments, thi...